Math Tier 3 — Family Index Catalog

This is the Tier 3 layer of the Math knowledge base: comprehensive family indexes that catalog entire zoos of mathematical objects (distributions, algorithms, kernels, methods, functions). Where Tier 1 ([[Math/_index]]) gives conceptual entry points and Tier 2 gives focused topical notes, Tier 3 is the encyclopedic reference — dense tables, formulas, and cross-relationships designed for lookup, not narrative reading.

Each Tier 3 note targets ~500 lines, lists 30–80 distinct items with their defining formulas, properties, and use cases, and ends with a relationships diagram and decision tree for selection.


Planned Tier 3 family indexes

Family indexItems cataloguedStatusCousin (Tier 1/2)
[[Math/Tier3/probability-distribution-zoo]]60+ probability distributions (discrete + continuous + multivariate + circular + Bayesian non-parametric) with PMF/PDF, moments, MGF, conjugate priors, transformationsdrafted 2026-05-17[[Math/probability-distributions]]
[[Math/Tier3/statistical-distributions-catalog-extended]]100+ distributions extending the zoo — heavy-tailed for finance, survival, circular/directional, empirical/nonparametric, EVT, tests + diagnostics (Wave 18)done 2026-05-22[[Math/probability-distributions]], [[Math/copulas-and-dependence]]
[[Math/Tier3/optimization-algorithm-taxonomy]]LP/QP/SDP/MILP/NLP, SGD + momentum + Adam + L-BFGS, ADMM, metaheuristics, combinatorial, distributed, robust + DRO[x] done[[Math/convex-optimization]], [[Math/gradient-descent-variants]]
[[Math/Tier3/convolutional-kernel-zoo]]Image filters, smoothing, edge detection, morphological, CNN kernel families[x] done[[Math/gaussian-processes]]
[[Math/Tier3/ode-pde-solver-catalog]]Runge-Kutta, multistep, FEM, FD, FV, spectral, multigrid, PINNs[x] done[[Math/ode-numerical-methods]], [[Math/pde-methods]]
[[Math/Tier3/numerical-methods-reference]]Quadrature, interpolation, root-finding, linear solvers, eigenvalues, floating-point pitfalls[x] done[[Math/numerical-linear-algebra]]
[[Math/Tier3/sampling-algorithms-catalog]]Inverse-CDF, rejection, importance, MCMC (Metropolis-Hastings, Gibbs, HMC, NUTS, SMC), Langevin, normalizing flows[x] done 2026-05-23[[Math/mcmc-sampling]], [[Math/bayesian-inference]]
[[Math/Tier3/special-functions]]Gamma, Beta, error function, Bessel, hypergeometric, Legendre, Hermite, Laguerre, Chebyshev, Riemann zeta, polylogarithm, elliptic integralsplanned
[[Math/Tier3/named-inequalities]]Cauchy-Schwarz, Hölder, Minkowski, Jensen, Markov, Chebyshev, Chernoff, Hoeffding, Talagrand, log-Sobolev, Poincaré, Brascamp-Lieb, Pinsker, data-processingplanned[[Math/probability-fundamentals]], [[Math/information-theory]]
[[Math/Tier3/lie-group-catalog]]SO(2), SO(3), SE(3), SU(2), SL(n), GL(n), O(n), U(n), Sp(2n), Heisenberg, exceptional groups, affine + dilation + similarity, Lie algebras + exponential mapsplanned[[Math/lie-groups-so3-se3]]

How to use Tier 3

  1. Lookup mode: scan the tables; jump to the row, copy the formula, check the parameter relationship.
  2. Selection mode: read the decision tree at the bottom of each note — answers “given this problem, which member of the family fits?”
  3. Relationships mode: read the family-tree diagram — answers “what is this a special case of? what does it limit to? what is its conjugate / dual?”

Treat Tier 3 as a time-stamped reference, not a textbook. Verify formulas against an authoritative source (DLMF, Abramowitz & Stegun, Casella & Berger, Bishop, Murphy) before deploying in production code.


  • [[Math/_index]] — Tier 1 conceptual map
  • [[System/Knowledge-Graph]] — overall vault MOC
  • [[Math/probability-fundamentals]], [[Math/probability-distributions]] — Tier 1/2 cousins for the probability zoo
  • [[Math/convex-optimization]], [[Math/gradient-descent-variants]] — Tier 2 cousins for the optimization taxonomy
  • [[Math/gaussian-processes]] — Tier 2 cousin for the kernel zoo

— Last updated 2026-05-24.